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fMaria has 5 post(s)
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Maria Libreros
Prof. Elizabeth Bullock Human Rights 31154 Feb 19,2017
Assig # 3
“The politics of fatalism” By: Wendy Brown
It is clear that Wendy Brown in “The Most We Can Hope For Human Rights and Politics Fatalism” is interested in “ the pure defence of the innocent and powerless against power’, she argues that the human rights are contradicting because, on one hand they advocate for the rights of powerless, and for the defense of innocents, on other hand it has significant ways of power that The Human Rights is presented not only political but moral.
Brown also arguments that human rights are not only to solve problems against of power but, they also needs to be defended against their own power as she observed. She believed that human rights is a monopoly that organizes a political space. For example, in The Human Rights and The Politics of Fatalism, Brown explains that Human Rights is doing is to protect the rights of every individuals by condemning the abuses and alleviate or minimize suffering, but it did not provide details of the reasons that produce such abuse and or why a situation happens. However, if we don not understand how the violations of rights happens and why it happens, and where then we are unable to comprehend what we can do for, or how to stop or prevent that situation to be repeated in the future.
Brown agree with Ignatieff in that human rights can not be reduced to a pure defense of the innocent and powerless, what she means is that human rights and the state most emphasise in
the right of the individuo such as independent of culture, religion, beliefs, language and even more if human rights can appeal for hope then human rights can provide or enjoy an universal support as one intercultural and moral world. We should hope for a better world instead of created political, religious, racial, and so on conflicts that are the major contributors to human rights violations. It also contribute to human rights inequality, or how come an individual is treated in different way? Powerless? Again, Ignatieff and Brown points out that human rights should not focus only in political problems when there is people around the world who needs to be supported with dignity. I believe that in human rights we have still a long way to go in order for everyone worldwide to have the basic rights as human been, the right of shelter, food, and ever worse the right to have potable water supply.
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Maria Libreros Women Human Rights Assignment # 10
In the article “Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving?” Lila Abu-Lughod argues that US intervention in Afghanistan should not be under the terms of “Liberating or saving Afghan Women”. She points out in how dangerous is the concept of culture when there are history, politics, and human rights involve. The problem is not muslim women wearing veil or the burqa but politics even when Laura Bush says that they are no longer imprisoned because of “War on Terrorism” as a justification.
Lila Abu-Lughod article is on the interest of US in Afghanistan. Laura Bush justify that they tacks to Afghanistan were primarily for women rights, but women’s rights is different to the culture and religion. Muslim women use veils and wear burqas because of religion, culture and beliefs. It appears that Us have tremendous interest on muslim women but as Abu-Lughod says they should focus in provide educational programs for women to minimize poverty, build self esteem and create independent women. Lila’s takes a close look about Ms. Bush claimed on liberation from Taliban and Terrorists that forced women to use veil and wear the burqa. She makes a call to be sensitive about other people’s beliefs, since the burqa and veil did not were invented by Taliban, but the way to show respect and or modesty when a women went out home, it is also a symbolic separation of men’s and women’s spheres, as part of the general association of women with family and home, not with public space where strangers mingled (Abu-Lughod,
2002, p785). The writer points out how refugees create a new way of cover their hair in Pakistan as a religious way of respect.
Therefore, Afghan women do not throw out the burqa because it is their identity, their culture and their most strong point in humans been their believes. The author cites some examples in how different cultures preserve their identities and beliefs. A clear example is the New Yorkers know that Jews Hasidic womens are “wearing wigs”, to cover their hair because of religious beliefs and it is also a requirement of the community and moral ideal as well, p785.
The main concern on Afghanistan-Taliban from Western and Us is political interest on oil and the only justification of war was to free women, to save them from wearing what they choose to wear. They can be educated, acquired culture, be independent women but their beliefs will be with them all.
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Maria Libreros
Prof. Dr. Elizabeth Bullock
Woman Human Rights
Assignment # 9
A “Rights-defined identity” By: Sally Engle Merry
In the article Rights Talk and Experience of Law: Implementing Women’s Human Rights to protection from violence, Sally Engle Merry talks about Women’s Rights as Women’s Human Rights, and how these rights are being violated while they are victims of violence and domestic violence. Sally also explain how the system and society contributed to the violation of their rights because of culture, religion,community or social beliefs that makes appear women guilty when they reacted accusing their aggressors or abusive husbands. However, it depends on the individual experience with the law about their rights.
Sally’s main point is to be conscious about women victimization, women are being tired of being abused and maltreated by their husbands. They decided to report them to the police and present charges against their aggressor and relied on the criminal system. However, most of these women are likely eather to drop up the case avoiding to present charges on court against their husbands, because they are scare of man coming back to hurt them again. Others, they simple abandon the case because of cultural and societal prejudice that accused them been against their husbands and to be a bad wives that can destroy a man’s ego, humiliation and the predominant feeling that everyone in court including judge are against them. Another group of women think that they are responsible for their husband’s bad temper. Therefore, they deserved to be beaten by a man.
Nowadays, women are against domestic violence, and the system is very helpful in many cases the victims have services such as shelter, restriction orders that protect them and their children from their prosecutor to be near them. There are psychological assistance individual or family that can help relationships deal with the emotional or mental trauma caused by the situation.
Sally’s recommends to look for help and found support even though, some of the stories she presented are scary while others are very supportive by women and by the authorities as well. Most of them provided group support to the victims during the legal court process that can lead to label a husband as a domestic violent aggressor and her as a victim. There are also cultural differences that justify violence, behavior and humiliation to female gender, in these cases human rights depends on the individual experience within the social context.
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Maria Libreros
Prof. Dr. Elizabeth Bullock
Women’s Rights as Human Rights
IAS 31154
Ass. # 2 The Sexual Contract, Carole Pateman
In her book The Sexual- Contract, Carole Pateman made emphasis in the different ways society respond to sexual differences, and how inequality is based on sexual differences. Pateman also explains how The Social Contract is also a sexual-social pact (p.3). To comprehend this she had to analyze The Social Contract of Philosopher like Rousseau, Locke and Hobbes that were well used to create the Civil Rights, even though those theories focused on the power of men over women.
Pateman’s point of view is that even when there are civil rights and freedom for every human been, the way the social contract were presented the women had been let aside because of sexual difference showing what is to be a man and what is to be a woman (p.16). The social contract says that all men are born free and equal, and it also says all men are individuals. The way women are incorporated into society is through married-contract by subjection to man power and becoming his sexual property without questions or any authority. In this way Carole observed that everything were circulating around a patriarchal society where men is the most important individual in society that she was disappointed with.
Pateman sustained that in the contract the only free individuals are allowed to be part of it, but women are mentioned anywhere, therefore women are not individuals. In this sense women must subjugated by nature by men but were not considered slaves. However, Hobbes was the only theorist that differ from all others. He wrote that there was no different between men and women in the state of nature, and attributes and capacities are equal independently of sex; sexual relations should be by consent through contract or by force, but in this case women would have the right to kill the men (p.44). Here, again observed that men were in power. If, for any circumstances a wife leave the husband it was mean that men did not have the power absolute over his wife.
Even though, women had to struggle to have equal rights and society turn a little in women favor there are still a long way to go regarding sex differences or sex power. As an example, this differences are still observed in some cultures where women still been subjugated by men, by society, in politics, religions. I believe that the day this can change is when all men and women will have the same rights independently of sex.
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Hello, My name is Maria Libreros.
This is my third semester at CWE, my major is Liberal with a Childhood Concentration.
I select this Class because it would help me understand better about the Humans Rights, my rights and the right of others as well. It also helps me to advocate for the rights of those who are in need of it.
My understanding of the readings is that Lynn Hunt main point is in 1948 with The United Nations Declaration of Universal Human Rights. This had happened after almost two Centuries of The American Declaration of Independence in 1776 from Great Britain, and The French Declaration of The Rights of Men and the Citizens in 1789. I may understand wrong, but I believe that Thomas Jefferson and Lafayette, both were inspired inspired by the enlightenment of great philosophers such as Rousseau and Voltaire. Even though, both advocated for liberty and equality, according to history we all know that it did not happened, and I believe that it was the opposite due to slavery and violations of Civil Rights as well. There were Centuries of slavery and segregation in America. People have to fight and form movements that advocate for civil rights not only for the slaves but for the people that form this country, the immigrants such as Jews and so on.
It also presented a political turn over from the nations and governments, especially every regarding on culture, religion and beliefs; one big example was the WWII. Consequently, a big great part of World was destroyed causing thousands of deaths of men, women and children. Others were tortured until death. This was the main reason why The United Nations Declaration of Universal human Rights was created, to abolish and protect the rights of all citizens, independently of race, beliefs and religion, and politics. However, we have a long way to go, to see that this is absolute true in real life, we are living in 20 Century, and we still dealing with the violation of the Civil Rights! And it depends on culture, and beliefs, some countries are more liberal than others regarding women rights.
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